One of the fixes which is included in CU6 for Phone devices is the support for wildcard certificates. Caution this is only for the support for Exchange and not for Lync. For Lync the following rules still apply.
When a Lync devices is use it will setup a connection to an Exchange 2010 CAS Server that uses a wildcard certificate you will have some issues prior CU6. Microsoft has acknowledged that this is an issue and has fixed it in CU6 so from know one wildcard certificates on CAS Servers is no problem from that point of view.
But for which functionalities does Lync use EWS? EWS is used for several features among them these:
Voicemail
The Lync Phone device will use EWS to check if voice mails are available. By default a phone will contact Exchange every 3 minutes to see if a voicemail is available. This parameter can be changed and will be configured using in-band provisioning.
Contact search
Since Exchange 2010 SP1 EWS will be used for searching contacts. Before Exchange 2010 SP1 the phones where using MAPI as the primary way to search for contacts. If MAPI was not available EWS was used.
Free/busy
Just like Outlook 2007 and newer the Lync Phone devices will use EWS to retrieve the availability information. If EWS is not available then MAPI will be used. By default the Exchange Server is polled every 30 minutes to see if there is an update.
Working hours
When looking at the Lync contact card or in Outlook you will see what the working hours are for a user. This functionality does only use EWS, is EWS not available then this functionality doesn’t work. Because the working hours are a part of the free/busy it will be updated every 30 minutes.
Out Of Office (OOF) Message
Primarily EWS is used to retrieve the OOF. If EWS is not available the Lync Phone will fall-back to MAPI to retrieve the OOF. Every 30 minutes a check is performed to see if the OOF has changed.
These where most functionalities which are using EWS to gather the info.
Microsoft has published a document which describes how Lync uses the Exchange functionalities. The document can be found here.